Facsimile telegraph transmitter with case shift



Oct. 17, 1939. E. E. KLEINSCHMIDT I FACSIMILE TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTER WITH CASE SHIFT Filed Dec, 4, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. EDWARD .E. KLEINSCHMIDT ATTORNEY.

- 1939. E. E. KLEINSCHMIDT 2,176,740

FACSIMILE TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTER WITH CASE SHIFT 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 4, 1937 -l|4 wvFNToR.

EDWARD E; KLEINSCHMIDT ATTORNEY.

.ll llyllrlll Patented Oct. 17, 1939 PATENT orrica FACSIMILE TEL]?GRAPH TRANSMITTER wrrn CASE SHIFT Edward E. Kleinschmidt, Highland Park, 111., as-

signor'to Teletype Corporation, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Delaware Application December 4,1937, Serial No. 178,041

12 Claims.

The present invention relates generally to telegraph transmittersandmore particularly to telegraph transmitters adapted to be operated for the transmission of signaling impulses in accordance with control indicia appearing'in a control strip. i t

In telegraph systems involving apparatus for recording characters by a series of elemental areas of positive and negative surfaces, transmitting apparatus has been employed wherein each letter, symbol, or character is scanned or analyzed into a succession of constituent areas. In accordancewith such scanned or analyzed areas, electrical impulses are generated which cause corresponding operation of recording apparatus of the form disclosed in copending application Serial No. 735,948, filed July 19, 1934, to form the characters line byline.

An object of the present invention is the provision of a. transmitter operative from a control strip which functions to produce accurately and uniformly electrical impulses indicative of the scanned or analyzed. areas of the characters to be recorded. Y

According to a feature of the invention, a tape perforated in accordance with a permutation code of five elements is utilized to control selectively the efiectiveness of elements representative of the scanned or analyzed areas of the characters.

According to another feature of the invention, the code discs which have their periphery cut peculiarly to each character and in accordance with elemental areasv of such character are "mounted on a continuously rotary shaft and are arranged in pairs to cooperate with selectively operated brushes to' transmit impulses characteristic of twocharacters with selection between the two characters determined by the identity of the characters. The above and other objects of the inventio are achieved through the provision of a mechanism for sensing perforations in a tape perforated in accordance with a five-unit or Baudot code which,- through its electrical contacts, controls the energization of a plurality of electrical magnets one individual to each element of the code. These electromagnets serve to control latches individual to each of a plurality of permutation bars. The permutation bars are thus set maccordance with the energization of the electromagnets and, in turn, the code combination of impulses appearing in the perforated tape to select one pair of a plurality of pairs of brushes. Individual to each pair of brushes is a pair of code discs designed in accordance with a method of prescanning in which the characters or symbols to be transmitted are divided into any desirable number of sending units or areas. The several unit areas thus created are assigned in order of scanning to the periphery of the code discs. Specifically, the two discs constituting a pair of code discs are allocated to letters and figures or upper and lower case characters, respectively. With the selection and cooperation of a pair of brushes with a pair of code discs, it is necessary to select between the pair of code discs. To accomplish such aresult, mechanism is provided responsive to shift and unshift signals appearing in the perforated tape to select between a pair of collector rings, one identified with the shift signal and the other identified with the unshift signal. Under such circumstances, one disc of each of the pairs of discs will be connected to one of the collector rings, whereas the other disc of each of the pairs ofdiscs will be connected to the other collector ring and by selecting between the collector rings in accordance with the shift and unshift signal combinations, the impulses indicative of the character to be transmitted can be selectively determined.

Inasmuch as the code discs rotate continuously by power communicated thereto from a continuously rotating motor and since the brushes are selectively operated in accordance with the permuted setting of the permutation bars, impulses representative of the positive and negative surfaces of the character will be transmitted, which will be effective at the receiving end of the system to record a character in accordance with the pattern of the character formed on the periphery of the code disc then effective for the transmissionof the characteristic impulses.

As previously indicated, the code discs rotate V continuously, and further, the permutation bars are set in response to the energization of electromagnets controlled by a tape sensing mechanism which receives its operating impulses from a cam rotated in timed relation with the rotation of the code discs. The cam, through contacts associated therewith, serves to control the operation of the tape sensing mechanism; that is, for each rotation of the code discs together with their cam, an electrical impulse is generated which causes the tape sensing mechanism to withdraw its tape sensing fingers and advance the tape to present the next transverserow of perforations in alignment with tape sensing elements of the sensing mechanism. Under certain, conditions, it is desired to arrest, the operation of the transmitter or the tape sensing mechanism and therefore mechanism is provided for locking the tape sensing elements in their withdrawn position, notwithstanding the fact that the control cam and the code discs continue to rotate. Such a result is accomplished through the provision of a contact operated by a taut-tape switch arm which, when opened, causesthe deenergization of a relay of the circuit to establish a condition to energize a control relay which, in turn, controls the energization of a locking magnet of the tape sensing mechanism to render it ineffective, notwithstanding the fact that the operating magnet of the tape sensing mechanism continues to be energized once for each cycle of rotation of the code discsand their associated control cams. I

The invention will be explained hereinafter more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which Fig. 1 shows diagrammatically elements of the transmitter which constitutes the subject of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is aview of the transmitter showing the arrangement of the permutation bars and the electromagnets arranged to control the position of the permutation bars; and

Fig. 3 shows schematically the tape sensing 'mechanism and the elements of'the distributor through which the electrical impulses indicative of the characters are transmitted.

Referring now to the drawings, particularly Fig. 1, it is noted that shaft I has secured thereto a pinion gear 8 which meshes with a worm gear 9 driven by power communicated from a continuously operating motor Ill. The relation between gears B and 9 is such as to cause rotation of shaft 7 at a speed calculated to effect the accurate and proper distribution of current impulses indicative of the characters to be transmitted. Secured also to shaft 1 are a plurality of code discs l2. These code discs, as best shown in the lower part of Fig. 3, are composed of a plurality of discs arranged in pairs; that is, a

pair of code discs l2 constitute a unit, one disc of which corresponds to a lower case character, whereas the other disc corresponds to an upper case character.

Code discs l2 are designed according to a method of prescanning, in which characters or symbols to be transmitted are divided into any desirable number of sending units or areas. The

several unit areas thus created are assigned in For example, a character or letter may beprescanned by dividing its total area into a plurality, of unit areas arranged in a predetermined numsage unit.

order of scanning to the periphery of each of the discs l2, the dark areas of a signal or message unit being the high surfaces ll to engage a brush designed to cooperate therewith to send a signal. It is, of course, obvious that the depressed or reduced portions of the code discs l2 represent the light areas of the signal or mes- Obviously the light areas might be made the high surfaces, depending upon the preferred method of transmission,

,The term mechanical prescanning refers to ber of vertical strips with a predetermined number of units within each strip. The'character is thus divided into a plurality of strips laid off in a predetermined number of equal angular sectors on the code disc ,l2 and each angular sector is divided into a predetermined number of angular units, each corresponding to a unit area of the corresponding vertical strip. The periphery of the code disc I2 is then laid out by reoessing the corresponding disc unit sections of each sector where the respective unit areas are light, and where the units are dark, raised surfaces ll are provided. With such a plan, each of the code discs I 2 is correspondingly developed.

From the foregoing explanation of the arrangement of the code discs l2, it is evident that the present invention contemplates a code disc for each character or symbol to'be transmitted; that is, there will be a code disc I2 individual to each letter of the alphabet'and each numeral and other special characters. These code discs, being secured to but insulated from shaft 1, will rotate therewith continuously, and during their rotation, provided a selection has been established, will effect the transmission of signal impulses indicative of its character.

The discs I2 are arranged in pairs and being so arranged, it is necessary to interconnect a disc of each pair which, in turn, are connected to a collector ring i5 which is also secured to shaft Likewise, the other code disc of each of the pairs of code discs are interconnected and, in turn, are connected to a collector ring l6 which, as noted for collector ring I5, is also secured to shaft Interconnection of the several code discs with the collector rings l5 and i6, respectively, is achieved through the provision of conductor rods I1 and I 8. These rods I1 and it are parallel to shaft'l and extend through the code discs l2 and are connected to alternate code discs of each pair of code discs. Rods I1 and 18 are, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, connected to collector rings I5 and I6, respectively.

In addition to code discs l2 and collector rings l5 and I 6, discs I 9 and 20 are secured to shaft 1. The latter discs serve, through their cooperation with brushes individual thereto, to transmit a start signal at the beginning of each resumption of message transmissiomas will be explained hereinafter.

In the operation of the transmitter constituting the present invention, certain functional operations are required. Such functional operations are performed by cams 22, 23, 24, and secured to shaft I. The noted cams are positioned on shaft 1 with respect to each other and with respect to code discs l2 to perform their respective functions in timed relation with the other-functional responses and the transmission \of; signal impulses from the code discs l2. It is obvious, therefore, that the cams 22-25 may be oriented on shaft 1 with respect to each other to provide proper sequential operation in a mannerfully contemplated by the present invention.

Positioned below the shaft 1 and the code. discs I2 are a plurality of permutation bars 21, 28, 29, 30, and 3| or one individual to each element of the code. According .to the embodiment of the invention discfosed in the aforementioned drawings, a five-unit code is employed. Accordingly, there are five permutation bars or one individual to. each element or unit of the code. Operation of the permutation bars is attained through the arrangement of an electromagnet individual to each of the bars. Under such circumstances there are five electromagnets' 35, 36,

lectively controlled from a tape sensing mechanism 40 and control, through their armature, a

. spring-held latch 42 which engages a shoulder formed on the upper edge of its permutation bar to hold it against the action of its spring 43, there being a spring 43 individual to each of the permutation bars. Under such circumstances, when an electromagnet is energized, the spring restored latch 42 is operated to move its end tree of the projection on the upper edge of its permutation bar, whereupon such permutation bar is moved to the left, as viewed in Fig. 2, by the action of spring 43.

The tape sensing mechanism 40, as is fully and completely disclosed in Patent No. 1,460,357 to E. E. Kleinschmidt of June 26, 1923, embodies a plurality of tape sensing fingers which serve to sense perforations in tape 53 which has been perforated through the operation of a keyboard perfor ator to form transverse rows of code perforations indicative of the characters or symbols of the message to be transmitted through the efiectiveness of code discs l2. As is fully disclosed in Patent No. 1,460,357, the sensing fingers 46 are pivoted on a rod 6! and are movable about such rod by an electromagnet 52. Specifically, electromagnet 52, upon being energized, draws its magnetic yoke 62 to shift its cores axially to push a non-magnetic pivoted bail plate 51 against the five tape sensing fingers 46 and thus withdraws the sensing fingers 46 from engagement with the perforations in the tape 50 and causes,

following such withdrawal, the advancement of the tape through a ratchet and pawl mechanism (not shown) to present the next transverse row of perforations in alignment with the projecting ends of thesensing fingers 46.

Attached to and operated by each of the sensing fingers 46 is a contact spring 53. There being five sensing fingers 46, there are five contact springs 53. Contact springs 53 cooperate with stationary contacts 54 to effect a circuit closure and cause the energization of the electromagnet connected thereto, since the contact springs 53 are connected through their individual springs 55 to a positive bu's bar 56.

Assume, for example, that a sensing finger 46 encounters a perforation in tape 56. Through its contact spring 53, engagement will be made with its stationary contact 55 and an energizing circuit for the electromagnet 36-39 connected thereto will be established. The electromagnet will be energized, and latch 32 will be operated against the action of its spring to free the permutation bar individual thereto for action by its spring 43. Such permutation bar will be moved to the left, as viewed in Figs. 2 and 3.

Under certain conditions of operation, it is desirable to prevent the operation of the tape sensing fingers 66, notwithstanding the fact that the electromagnet 52 is-energized cyclically. In order to achieve such a result, an electromagnet 58 having an armature .59 is provided. Through its bail plate 51, electromagnet 56 looks the armature of electromagnet 52 so that, notwithstanding the fact that the electromagnet 52 is energized cyclically, it will have no functional response on the sensing fingers 46, its cores merely engaging the bail plate 51 held fixed by armature 59.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the lower edge of each of the permutation bars 21-3! is formed with a plurality of notches arranged permutably so that upon the permuted operation of electromagnets 35-39, corresponding operation of the permutafree to move.

tion bars 21-31 will result in the alignmentoi' the notches to effect the selection of one of a plurality of selectable bars 63. able bar 63 individual to each pair of code discs l2. Each selectable bar 63.is individual to abrush carrier or support 64 pivoted on rod 65. The brush supports 64 carry a pair of brushes 66 and 61 individual to respective code discs 12 constituting a pair of code discs.

Each of the brush supports 64 has a downwardly projecting portion 63 which lies in the path of its individual selectable bar 63, so that upon the operation of selectable bar 63, brush 'support 64 will be rotated in a clockwise direction 16 which extends above and transversely of the.

selectable members 63. Ball 16 is formed on one end of a lever 11 which is pivoted at 18 and which carries at its other end a roller 19 which cooperates with cam 23. Cyclically with the rotation of shaft 1, cam 23 is eifective for operating lever 11 to move selectable members 63 counterclockwise about their pivot 65 against the action of their retractile springs 80, there being a retractile spring individual to each of the selectable members 63. With the selectable members 63 moved counterclockwise, as viewed in Fig. l, and out of engagement with permutation bars 21-3 l the permutation bars are free to be moved under the control of'electromagnets 35-39 in response to the operation of the tape sensing fingers 66.

When the permutation bars 21-3l are positioned in various combinations in response to the permuted energization of the electromagnets 35-39, a selectable member 63 will be rotated about rod 65 by its spring 86 to engage projection 68 of brush carrier 66, and since at that instant bail 1| has been moved free of extension 16 of brush support 64, the brush support 64 will be moved to cause the engagement of brushes 66 and 61 with their respective code discs 12. Under such conditions, some of the bars 21-3l may be to the left and others in their normal unactuated position. Following the setting of the brush support 64, the locking bail 1 I is restored by its spring 13 to a position where it engages extension 10 and holds the brush support 66 in its set position. The selectable member 63 is thereupon free to be restored to its normal position out of cooperation with the permutation bars 21-3l and thus the permutation bars may be reset to select either the same selectable member 63 or another selectable member 63 identified with a different pair of characters. With such an arrangement it is possible to initiate a selection during the interval the brushes 66 and 61 are in engagement with the code disc I 2 for the transmission of signal impulses characteristic of their peripheral formations. Such an arrangement has been There is a select- As shown in Fig. 1, the brush supofand at one end of the permutation bars 21-3I'.

When so operated, ieyer 82 causes the restoration of any of the permutation bars 21-3I'previously moved to the left as a result of the energization of the electromagnets 85-39 to a position where the latches 82 are effective to hold the permutation bars against the action of their springs 43. cyclically, therefore, with respect to the rotation of shaft 1, the permutation bars 21-3I will be restored to their normal or unactuated position by the action of cam 24 through levers 8i and 82. As previously described, a code disc I2 of each pair ofcode discs is connected to collector rings I and It, respectively. Continuously in engagement with each of these rings is abrush 84 and 85 (Fig. 3), respectively. These brushes are connected through electrical conductors to contacts 86 and 81, respectively. Cooperating with these contacts is a contactor 88 pivoted at one end and engaged at its other end by'a rockable 'mem ber 89. Secured to member 89 are two oppositely arranged bell crank levers 98 and 9|, arranged to move member 89 either to the right or left, depending upon whether bell crank lever 98 or hell crank lever 9| is operated to cause corresponding movement of contactor 88 to engage either contact 86 or contact 81.

Operation of bell crank levers 98 and 9| is achieved through selectable bars individual thereto. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, selectable bar 93 is individual to bell crank lever 98; while selectable bar 941s individual to bell crank lever 9|.

Upon the selection and operation of either or the selectable bars 93 or 94, the bell crank lever 98 or-9I individual thereto will be operated and corresponding movement of member 89 will be eifected. The selection and operation of the-selectable bars 93 and 94, which areidentifled with figures and letters or shift and unshift signal combinations, respectively, are selected and operated through the setting of the permutation bars 21-3I in response to the energization of the electromagnets 35-39 for the signal combinations identified with figures and letters, respectively:

that is, when a transverse row of perforations in tape 58 for figures is sensed by mechanism 48, the tape feele'rs46 are operated correspondingly and the contact members 53 will be operated to cause the energization of certain of the electromagnets 35-39 to setpermutation bars 21-3I to align their notches to select and permit the operation of selectable bar 93. Undersuch conditions of operation, member 89 will be moved to the right through the rotation of bell crank lever 98 in a counterclockwise direction to cause the engagement of contactor 88 with'contact 81. Inasmuch as contactor 88 was previously in engagement with contact 86 and since the contacts 86 and 81 are connected to collector rings I5 and I5,

respectively, the circuit will be changed from f collector ring I5 to collector ring I5. Correspondingly, selectable bar 94 may be operated in response to a letters code combination in tape 58 to cause the member 89 to move contactor 88 .from engagement with contact 81 to engagement with contact 86. 1

Inasmuch as a code disc of each pair of code discs is connected either to collector ring I8 or collector ring I8 and since the circuitfrom the collector rings I5 and I8 is determined by the position of contactor 88, the eflective circuit will depend upon the position of contactor 88 which,

as shown in'Figs. 2 and 3, is connected to a radio frequency transmitter 95 which may be of any by; the. tape 58. Cooperating with arm 91 is a lever 98 which is also pivoted to bracket 96 and which is urged to the right, as viewed in Fig. 3,,

by a spring 99. Lever 98 has two notches, one

arranged to hold the arm 91 in ahorizontal plane with respect to the movement of tape 58,

' and the other serving to hold the arm 91 in a tilted or latched position. Cooperating with lever 98 are contacts I88 which are included, through a manually operable switch I 8 I, in circuit through the upper armature and back contact of a relay I82 with the winding of electromagnet 36.

' Under operating conditions, electromagnet I82 is normally energized and has its locking circuit controlled by contacts I 88. When the tape 58 becomes taut, arm 91 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction and thus allows lever 98 to move to the right, as viewed in Fig. 3, under the action of spring 99. In so moving, lever 98 opens contacts I88 through which the locking circuit of relay I82 is interrupted. Due to the notch arrangement of lever 98, arm 91 is retained in the position to which it was moved by the action of tape 58, where it remains until lever 98 is restored manually to the position shown in Fig. 3.

The receiving printerflwith which the trans-' mitting apparatus exem lifled by the present drawings operates, is normally arrested, but when started operates continuously to advance the recording medium without the exercise of control signals following the application of a starting condition and provided, of course, signals continue to be, transmitted as determined either by the closure of contacts I 88 or switch I8I. If contacts I88 or switch I8l are open, transmission stopped, in which case to start transmission it will be necessary to establish a starting condition.

' When the end of the message is attained, the tape 58 is severed and thus it will exercise no control over arm 91. However, the tape will continue to be advanced through the sensing mechanlsm, provided contacts I88 are closed and of the tape has passed the sensing elements 46,

a blank signal willrbe established and none of the bars 21-3I will be set and consequently a .selectable ban 63 will not be selected. Under such circumstances a condition is established whereby the tapefeed mechanism of the receiving printer (not shown) will be arrested.

' The starting condition is established through the closure of switch i8i, assuming that contacts I 88 are closed, and that motor I8 is operating. Cyclic impulses generated by cam 25 and contacts I 89 flow through relay I i 2 to ground and through magnet 52 to ground, but in response to such an impulse relay I I2 has closed an energizing circuit including contacts of relay I88, contacts and will tie winding of relay H2, and winding of magnet 50,

holding down the feelers, and holding contacts 58-54 open. Upon the closure of switch IOI, a circuit is established extending from grounded battery, through the closed contacts I00, the contacts of switch IOI the upper armature and back contact of relay I02 which is now deenerglzed,

and the winding of ele'ctromagnet 36 to' ground.

Electromagnet 3 6 is thereupon energized, which sets the permutation bar 30 to select the select-- able I bar 63 identified with brush carrier I which, upon being operated and held in its operated position by bail 1|, causes its brushes to en- 5 gage contact discs I0 and 20. The periphery of these discs may be effective for the transmission of a start impulse, regardless vof whether the transmitting apparatus was previously employed for the transmission oi either letters or figures combinations. Consequently, regardless of the previous position of contactor 88, a start impulse will be transmitted upon the closure of switch IOI.

Operated upon the selection and operation of brush carrier I05 are contacts I08. These contacts are connected to the winding of relay I02 and upon their closure, cause the energization of relay I02 over a circuit extending from grounded battery through contacts I05, conductor I01, and the winding of relay I02 to ground. Relay I02, upon being energized, establishes its locking circuit extending from grounded battery through contacts l00 now closed, contacts scribed, cam is effective cyclically with respect to the other cams secured to shaft I and the code discs I2 also secured to shaft 5?, so that for each cycle of rotation of shaft I, contacts I00 will be closed and with relay I02 energized, an energizing circuit will be completed for relay I08 extending from grounded battery, through contacts I 00, conductor I I0, conductor III,'lower front contact and armature of relay I02, and the winding of relay I08 to ground.. Relay I08 is thereupon energized and opens, through its back contact and armature, a locking circuit for relay I I2 which has its right-hand winding connected in series with the windings of electromagnet 58 and which will thus be energized upon the completion of an energizing circuit including a right-hand winding of relay II2.

Also connected in circuit with contacts I00 are the windings of electromagnet 52. Therefore, upon the cyclic closure of contacts I00, 8.

retraction of tape feelers 40 and the advancement of tape II to present the succeeding transverse row of perforations in alignment with the tape feelers l5.

The left-hand winding of relay H2 is also controlled by contacts I00 and is energized momentarily upon the-closure of such contacts to close the circuit including its right-hand winding and the windings of electromagnet 58. However, with relay I 00 also energized, due to the fact that relay I02 is now energized, an energizing circuit for the windings of electromagnet 58 is not completed.

Assume, for the purpose of illustration, that tape becomes taut and further, that arm 01 is operated to permit spring 00 to move lever 08 sufilciently to-open contacts I00. Contacts I00 control, as previously described, the, locking circuit for relay I02. Consequently, upon the opening of contacts I00, relay I02 is deenergized and opens, throughits lower armature, the circuit for relay I08.' Now, upon the next closure of contacts I00, relay I00 will not be energized and its back contact will be closed so that upon the energization of the left-hand winding of relay I I2, an energizing'circuit for its right-hand winding or locking winding is completed extending from grounded battery, conductor H4, back contact and armature of relay I08, armature and front contact of relay II2, right-hand winding of relay 2, conductor H5, and the windings of electromagnet 50 to ground. Due to the establishment of such a circuit, relay I I2 will be main-- tained energized and electromagnet 50, will be energized to hold, through its armature 50, the

bail plate 51 in position to hold the tape feelers 06 out of engagement with tape 50 and prevent the further advancement of the tape. Transmission under such conditions will be arrested. It is, of course, understood that the shaft I and its code discs, together with its cams, continues to 1'0- tate. Contacts I00 will be closed cyclically through the operation of cam 25 and current will be impressed upon the windings of electromagnet 52, but its energization will have no effect since electromagnet 58 is energized and the armature of the former magnet is rendered ineffective.

To start transmission, notwithstanding the fact that tape 50 may have in the meantime become slack and a loop formed therein, it is necessary for the operator to restore manually lever 08 to the position shown in Fig. 3. Upon such restoration, contacts I00 will be closed and a circuit" will be established for electromagnet 36 through the energization of which, as previously described, brush support I05 will be selected and operated for the transmission through discs I0 and 20 of a start impulse, contacts I00 will be closed, and an energizing circuit for relay I02 will be established.

When transmission of all messages has been completed, switch IOI may be opened and the result described for the opening of contacts I00 will be repeated.

While the invention has been described and disclosed with regard to a particular type of apparatus it is, of course, manifest that various departures may be made from the disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed is: r

1. A telegraph transmitter including a plurality of transmitting elements each having a series of spaced contact segments representative of the dark and light areas 01' a scanned character, means cooperative with said elements for the means for rendering said means efl'ective, and electromagnetic means operative to actuate said rendering means to select the cooperative means.

2. A telegraph transmitter including a plurality of transmitting elements arranged in pairs with each element having a series of spaced contact segments representative of the dark and light areas of a scanned character, means common to anelement of each pair, and means cooperative with said common means for conditioning an element of each pair for electrical control.

3. A telegraph transmitter including a plurality of transmitting. elements arranged in pairs, a brush individual to each element of each of the pairs L of elements, a support for each pair of brushes, means for selectively operating said support to cause its brushes to cooperate withtheir transmitting elements; and means for determin-' ing which of the elements of said pair of transmitting elements will be effective for the transmission of impulses.

4. A telegraph transmitter including a plurality of transmitting elements arranged in pairs, a brush-individual to each element of each of the pairs of elements, a support for each pair of brushes, means for selectively operating said support to cause its brushes to cooperate with their transmitting elements, and means responsive to code combinations oi electrical impulses for de-' termining which element of said pair of transmitting elements will be effective for the transmission of impulses.

5. A telegraph transmitter including a plurality of transmitting elements arranged in pairs with the elements of each pair representative of an upper and lower case character respectively, and means responsive to code combinations of signals for selecting between the elements of each pair for upper and lower case characters. 6. A telegraph transmitter including a plurality of transmitting elements arranged in pairs with the elements of each pair representative of an upper and lower case character respectively, a collector ring individual to the upper and lower case characters-and connected to the respective elements of each pair of elements, and means for rendering one or the other of thecollector rings effective.

7. A telegraph transmitter including a pluralityof transmitting elements arranged in pairs with the elements ofeach pair representative of for selecting between the collector rings.

transmission of corresponding impulses,

character, means cooperative with said elements for the transmission oi! corresponding impulses, a plurality of. permutation bars, means controlled .by said permutation bars for controlling the selection and operation of saidcooperative means, and electromagnetic means controlled by said indicia sensing mechanism for causing the oper- I ation of said permutation bars and the selection and operation of said cooperative means.

- 9. A telegraph transmitter including an indicia sensing mechanism, a plurality of transmitting elements each having a series of spaced contact segments'representative oi the dark and light areas of a scanned character, means cooperative with said elements for the transmission of corresponding impulses, a plurality of. permutation bars set in varying permutations for the selection of said cooperative means, electromagnetic means controlled by said indicia sensing mechanism for controlling the operation ofsaid permutation bars, and means operative in accordance with certain characteristic operation of said indicia sensing mechanism for rendering certain of said transmitting elements eifective for the transmission of signal impulses.

10. A telegraph transmitter including a plurality of transmitting elements each having a series of spaced contact segments representative of the dark and light areas of. a-scannecl charac- 11. A telegraph transmitter including a plurality of transmitting elements each having a series of spaced contact segments representative of the dark and light areas of. a scanned charac-' ter, means cooperative with said elements for the transmission of corresponding impulses, a plurality of permutation bars set permutably to select said cooperative means, a latch individual to each permutation bar restraining it against movement, electromagnetic means operative to actuate said latches to allow setting of said permutation bars and the selection of said cooperative means, and means operative mechanically following the selection of. said cooperative means to restore, said permutation bars to their normal and latched position.

12. A telegraph transmitter including a plurality of transmitting elements each having a series of spaced contact segments representative of the .dark and light areas of a scanned character, means cooperative with said elements for the transmission of corresponding impulses, a plurality of permutation bars, means selectively operated for setting said permutation bars to select said cooperative means, and means for holding said cooperative means in its set position and thus allow immediate resetting of said bars. 55

EDWARD E. KLEINSCHMDDT. 

